Special components, referred to as slit homogenizers, are being developed in order to mitigate radiometric errors arising from naturally occurring (across-slit) scene heterogeneity. There are several on-ground characterisation measurements that take place through the European Space Agency that include detection & electronics, spectral wavelength and response function, radiometric errors and geometric alignment. Sentinel-5 will incorporate calibration operations that track instrument responses to sun calibration, white light sources, spectral light sources, liquid emitting diodes (LEDs), aperture closure and mirrors for deep space viewing. The instrument has a field of view (FOV) of 108° and radiometric accuracy of 3% with the exception of the SWIR channel, which performs at 6% of the measured Earth spectral reflectance. Across these channels, spectral resolution ranges from 1nm (UV) to 0.25nm (SWIR), with a swath width of 2670km and spatial resolution of 7.5km x 7.5km. Measurements are performed in 6 spectral channels, one UV channel (270-310 nm), one UV-Visible channel (300-500 nm), three near-infrared (NIR) channels (685-710 nm, 745-755 nm, and 755-773 nm), and two SWIR channels (1590nm-1675nm, and 2305nm-2385nm). Sentinel-5 is capable of measuring across a broad spectral range from Ultraviolet (UV) to Short-wave Infrared (SWIR) (270 nm - 2400 nm). The instrument is a pushbroom passive spectrometer and provides monitoring of the chemical composition of the atmosphere, inclusive of air quality, climate change impact and aerosol concentration, whilst providing specific data points on trace gases such as ozone, nitrogen dioxide, sulphur dioxide, methane, formaldehyde, and carbon monoxide. The Sentinel-5 instrument, UVNS (Ultraviolet/Visible/Near Infrared/SWIR), has been developed by Airbus Defence and Space.
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